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On guard of the Forest-EFCO-136 chainsaw

Hand tools (knapsack fire extinguishers, blowers, light chainsaws, axes, shovels, hoes, etc.) remain the most popular for early detection of fires, allowing you to extinguish small fires before they spread over an area of tens and hundreds of hectares and become large. When extinguishing in forests, chainsaws are used mainly to overcome blockages, as well as when removing nearby trees at the edge of the mineral strip that threaten to transfer fire. The mechanized fire tool facilitates the work of firefighters and reduces the time of work.

Felling trees near a mineralized strip

The main requirements for chainsaws used in the fight against forest fires are high reliability and low weight. The chainsaw "EFCO 136"is a portable, mechanical saw, the working part of which is a chain saw machine consisting of a chain closed in a ring, moving along a guide rail. The tire and chain are removable, so they are called a "headset". EFCO chainsaws are a product of the popular Italian concern EMAK Group, which appeared on the international market in 1992. The company is a manufacturer of high-quality gardening equipment, equipment and accessories. EFCO chainsaws in their quality and power characteristics are not much inferior to such well-known representatives as "Stihl" and "Husqvarna". A distinctive feature of all EFCO chainsaws is reliability and performance. Even in difficult working conditions and under high load, the tool motor provides high performance. The torque remains high even at low revs.

Fallen trees can complicate the approach of ground vehicles to the fire site

The EFCO 136 chainsaw weighs 4 kg. (without a headset) and belongs to the line of household tools. The two-stroke engine produces a rated power of 2.1 hp, the engine is started from the starting cable manually. A chain brake is provided, protecting the operator from vibration (vibration-damping handles). The tire is mounted up to 41 cm in size. The quick-release filter and the convenient cover easily fall into place. The amount of lubricating fluid to the headset is adjustable in the automatic mode. The controls are maximally placed on the handle.

It is worth noting that when working with chainsaws, it is necessary to carefully monitor the level of chain sag, the condition of the chain and the serviceability of the chain brake. You must have a tool for refueling, adjusting and repairing the chainsaw.

Information about the Company's compliance service

Pursuant to the Methodological recommendations on organization of the Institute of anti-corruption compliance in the quasi-public sector entities sent by the Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan on combating corruption in. №31-21 from 12.01.2021 city issued an order about laying the functions of the compliance Department of the company for the legal Department, as in the functional responsibilities of the legal Department provides anti-corruption activities of the Enterprise.

The official duties of the Company's compliance service have been compiled and accepted for management.

These methodological recommendations were also taken into account by the management when drawing up the Annual Work Plan of the Enterprise for the Prevention of Corruption Offenses for 2021.

All recommended functions in the above Methodological recommendations to date have fulfilled the legal Department under the anti-corruption activities of the Enterprise, in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On combating corruption", pursuant to the "Plan of measures on realization of the Program on combating corruption", "anti-corruption strategy of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2015-2025", "message of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Strategy "Kazakhstan-2050": new political course of the established state», as well as the terms of the "Plan of nation "100 concrete steps" to implement 5 institutional reforms" and within developed and approved the "plan of work of the state enterprise "Kazavialesoohrana" on prevention of corruption".

On January 26, 2021, a meeting was held on the formation of an anti-corruption culture among civil servants

On January 26, 2021, under the chairmanship of the General Director of the "Kazavialesoohrana" Kesimbaev A. A., a meeting was held via videoconference dedicated to the formation of an anti-corruption culture among civil servants. On the agenda of the meeting, questions were voiced about the anti-corruption activities of the enterprise (plan for 2021) and about the creation of an anti-corruption structural unit that performs the functions of the anti-corruption compliance service.

During the meeting, the head of the Legal Department, Z.O. Ibraev, made a speech.:

- "According to the proposed amendments to the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On combating corruption" October 6, 2020 on the definition in the subjects of quasi-public sector structural units acting as an anti-corruption compliance service, whose main task is to ensure compliance with the relevant organization and its employees the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on combating corruption in the state enterprise "Kazavialesoohrana" function anti-corruption compliance service assigned to the legal Department. Work on the prevention and prevention of corruption offenses in the coming year will be carried out in accordance with the approved plan."

It was also noted that an effective mechanism for combating corruption should be an effective system for combating corruption crimes.

At the end of the meeting, the General Director of the state enterprise "Kazavialesoohrana" Kesimbaev Arman:

- "The anti-corruption behavior of civil servants is established by article 52 of the Law on Civil Service, from the norms of which it follows that civil servants must resist manifestations of corruption, prevent corruption offenses, and must stop the facts of corruption offenses on the part of other civil servants.

At the same time, if a civil servant has information about a corruption offense, he must take the necessary measures to prevent and stop such an offense, including immediately informing the higher-level head, the management of the state body in which he works, and the authorized state bodies in writing. The civil servant is also obliged to immediately inform the specified persons and bodies in writing about cases of inducement by other persons to commit corruption offenses."

Guarding Forests - High Pressure Fire Fighting Unit (HPVD) Ermak

Installation of high pressure (UPVD) Ermak – motorized vehicle designed for operational fire fighting by feeding water jets from a variety of tanks and other sources of clean water under high pressure, can be used to directly extinguish the fire edges and douchevina of forest combustible materials when fighting a forest fire with fire trucks or inner lining. For its compactness and efficiency, the device has earned recognition and is used by various departments. It consists of a metal frame on which a motor, a high-pressure pump, a mixing tube for a solid wetting agent, a gun, a drum and a high-pressure hose wound on it are installed.

The principle of operation of the unit is based on the effect of extinguishing with fine water under high pressure, while the water consumption is only 10-15 liters per minute.

The unit is equipped with a solid wetting agent supply system, thereby increasing the extinguishing efficiency. Mobility is provided by a lightweight and flexible high-pressure hose with a length of 50 m. With the help of the optional extension cables, the sleeve line can be extended by 50 or 75 m.

At a water consumption of UPVD of 10 l / min, a little more than 300 liters of water is enough to completely eliminate the edge of a fire on an area of 10 hectares.

The low weight and sufficient length of the high-pressure hose ensure high mobility when extinguishing multi-storey buildings. The device can be transported in cars, as well as permanently mounted on any truck or jeep.

All this makes the high-pressure fire-fighting system (UPVD) Ermak indispensable when equipping volunteer fire brigades and professional teams of municipalities, agricultural and forestry enterprises.

The set of the high-pressure fire-fighting system (UPVD) Ermak includes:

1. 4-stroke engine

2. Axial-piston pump

3. Frame

4. Folding handles for loading and carrying

5. High pressure hose reel with folding handle

6. Working gun, consisting of two parts and fixed inside the frame with a bayonet connector (quick-release design) for connection to the high-pressure hose

7. Suction hose VG-18 10 atm.

8. A mixing tube connected to the inlet line, integrated into the unit for the use of a solid wetting agent.

The installation of the UPVD Ermak (motor pump) is distinguished by the ability to create a water jet pressure at the outlet of the gun barrel up to 170 atm. with a jet supply range of up to 17 meters and a low flow rate (up to 10 liters per minute).) water, the extinguishing properties of which (wettability of forest combustible materials) when using the mixer tube with PYROCOM solid wetting agent increase at least twice, which significantly reduces the time of localization and extinguishing of a forest fire.

When extinguishing a grass-roots weak and medium intensity of burning forest fire (the flames on the edge of the fire 0,5 - 1,5 m.), forest fire with a gun-a gun moving at a distance of 3-5 meters along the edge of the fire, directing a jet of water under the base of the fire, which allows not only to extinguish the flames (to stop the fiery burning), but also to wash (to move on past the fire area) easy forest combustible materials, such as fallen leaves, pine needles, small twigs, etc., moisturize the remaining large forest materials (large branches, fallen trees, stumps, etc.) on the band width of 1-2 m of the perimeter of the fire. At the same time, the high pressure of the jet allows you to create not only a semi-cleared of forest combustible materials on the soil, but also to mineralize the soil (wash away the humus layer), which will completely localize the forest fire from combustible materials and eliminate the possibility of further spread of gorenje.

If necessary, the area passed by fire in the distance achieved by a water stream eliminates all visible heat sources.

When extinguishing the edge of a forest fire, where the height of the flame reaches 2 meters or more, a firefighter with a gun barrel retreats 5-6 meters from the burning edge and performs the operations listed above. The Gorenje fire is extinguished, which has spread through the bushes, undergrowth, undergrowth at the entire distance reached by the water jet, which prevents the transfer of fire through the strip cleared of combustible materials (minstrip) and the transition of the lower fire to the upper one.

Shipping UPWD "Ermak" to the place of work to extinguish a forest fire is usually on four-wheel vehicles, together with soft tanks (WFD) with a capacity of 100, 300, 600 and 1300 liters, which are filled with water at the exit to the fire or at work, if there are water sources, in the latter case, it is advisable to have a small forest a pump for filling water tanks soft. The ideal option is to deliver water to the work site in a tanker truck.

The transfer of the UPVD "Ermak" along the edge of a forest fire to extinguish the subsequent section, i.e., placement to a new position can be done manually by two workers.

The operation of the installation during extinguishing is provided by a group (fire brigade) of 6 people, of which:

1-one performs the duties of an engine driver;

2-the second provides extinguishing from the barrel-gun;

3-the third-provides the transfer of the pressure hose in the extinguishing zone and can replace the second one in the operation;

4 and 5 - the fourth and fifth-ensure the transfer of the RDV or other containers and filling them with water, as well as the transfer of the motor pump to a new position;

6-the sixth-the driver of the vehicle for the delivery of the Internal Affairs Department to the place of work, if necessary, can replace the motorist.

Guarding the Forest - Light fire module (LPM) Ermak

The fire module is an effective tool for carrying out the necessary fire-fighting work related to the prevention and extinguishing of forest fires, as well as use for the localization and elimination of fires in rural settlements and at objects of the national economy. It is completed with a soft capacity from 600 to 4500 liters, which allows you to have an adequate supply of water

The outlet pressure of the motor pump is 6.5 atm. and equipment with a solid wetting agent included in the LPM equipment set provide high extinguishing efficiency. Modular frame with pull-out handles and sleeve storage. All this makes LPM Ermak indispensable for equipping volunteer fire brigades and professional teams of municipalities, agricultural and forestry enterprises.

The set of a light fire module (LPM) Ermak includes:

1. The frame is modular, with pull-out handles and a container for sleeves;
2. High-pressure self-priming motor pump "Sprut-3" - a motorized means for extinguishing fires with three outlets for pressure hoses: 2 outlets Ø25 mm and 1 outlet Ø50 mm;

3. Water tank RDV-1000 - an auxiliary means for extinguishing fires, which is a soft foldable container designed for storing and transporting water to the place of fire and filling firefighting backpacks with water (knapsack forest fire extinguishers);

4. Tube mixer - connects to standard fire hose heads, Ø25, 50 mm. A specially designed perforated metal cylinder is inserted inside the tube into which a solid wetting agent is placed. The design of the tube provides the ability to use it anywhere in the pressure hose line;

5. Solid wetting agent - designed for extinguishing class A fires. It is used for operation in manual combined overhead fire-fighters' nozzles with an insert for a cartridge, sleeve inserts (tubes);

6. Fuel canister 10 l - designed to store the fuel supply for the fire module;

7. The delivery set of the Ermak light firefighting module (LPM) also includes - a suction hose Ø50 mm, a pressure hose Ø25 mm with heads, a pressure hose Ø50 mm with heads, 2 non-adjustable firemen's nozzles Ø50 mm and Ø25 mm, an adjustable fire barrel Ø25 mm, filter for the suction hose, float device for the suction hose.

Guarding the Forest - RDV-100

RDV-100 (Fire water tank)

When access to water is limited, and in most cases it is, water tanks are one of the most essential tools for fighting forest fires. The cone-shaped fire tank for water RDV-100 is designed for storing and transporting water to the place of fire and filling firefighting backpacks with water (backpack forest fire extinguishers).

When empty, it takes up a minimum volume, is delivered to the place of fire by any type of transport and unfolds into working position within a few minutes, since the container is frameless and one person is enough to assemble it. To protect against debris from entering through the neck, the container has fasteners at the top. The type of construction of the fire water tank is pear-shaped.

The materials from which the container is made are of the highest quality. This makes the container strong and lightweight.

Pumping and pumping of fluid is done in two ways:

1. Through the top of the tank. To do this, put a fire hose inside the container.

2. Through the tap located at the bottom of the tank. To do this, it is necessary to connect the fire hose to the tap using a connecting head.

The soft container RDV-100 is equipped with carrying handles and a convenient closing mechanism - the neck rolls up into a tube and closes with a latch lock, which eliminates water loss during transportation.

The history of the formation of aviation protection of forests in the USSR, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. Chapter 4. Continuation.

With this article, we continue the cycle of publications devoted to the history of the formation of aviation forest protection in the USSR, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Chapter 4. From the nineties of the XX century - to Avialesoohrany at the present stage.

Inspection of the fire from the An-2 aircraft.

The quality of radio communications improved. In the nineties, more than 9 thousand radio stations of various models worked in air bases.

Radio station "Cactus".

For ground communication, the Granit-M complexes were widely used. The airplanes were equipped with the "Cactus" radio station.

HF radio station "Angara"

The unpretentious portable HF radio station "Angara" provided communication between fire groups and the most remote aviation departments and forestry enterprises. In the nineties, work was actively carried out to extinguish fires from the air by aircraft-tankers An-2P.

The plane for extinguishing forest fires An-32P

According to the technical assignment of Avialesoohrana, the An-32P was created, which at the same time was a landing aircraft for 30 parachutists-firemen, could perform long flights for interregional maneuvering and carried 8 tons of water. It was planned to manufacture up to 70 such vehicles for Avialesoohrana. A special spillway device for extinguishing forest fires from An-2P aircraft was developed and produced, a Be-12P military amphibious aircraft was modernized according to the technical specifications of Avialesoohrana into a forest fire version, and a modern spillway device with electric discharge control for VSU-5A helicopters was created.

Be-12P forest fire extinguishing aircraft

The turn of the new millennium was marked for Avialesoohrana by the introduction of a number of new developments. The "Lesnik-3” parachute system was put into operation, a system for supplying wetting agents to the helicopter spillway device VSU-5A in flight was developed.

Special purpose parachute system Lesnik - 3. Designed for airborne paratroopers - firefighters with a full set of necessary equipment from airplanes and helicopters.

As before, international cooperation in the field of forest fire protection (USA, Spain, Canada, Finland, China) was actively developing, which made it possible to improve forest fire equipment and update training programs for specialists. The head of the scientific and technical department of the Central Air Base E.P. Davydenko. Particularly active international cooperation was carried out with the US Forest Service and the US Bureau of Land Management, which also use paratroopers and paratroopers-firefighters to extinguish wildfires.

Discharge of water to the fire from An-2P aircraft

From 1993 to the beginning of the 2000s, more than 150 traffic police officers and observer pilots from the branches of FGU Avialesokhrana were trained in the USA to extinguish fires in ground-based rapid response teams and as part of parachute fire groups and teams. In 1998, for 4.5 months, the Avialesoohrana team of 16 people under the leadership of the head of the North-Western air base A.G. Shchedrina worked to put out fires not only in the western states, where fires rage every year, but also in the state of Florida. There were also organized programs for the exchange of experience in the management of extinguishing large forest fires, the initial training of parachutists-firefighters. About 30 forest fire specialists from the USA also studied the experience of organizing forest fire protection in Russia. As a result of the exchange of experience in both countries, the parachute equipment was improved. The training programs for employees were revised, a parachute simulator system was introduced at FBU Avialesoohrana and a complex helicopter simulator Mi-8 MTV with the ability to practice extinguishing forest fires using the VSU-5A.

Ax-hoe (Pulaski)

In Russia, they began to use such hand tools as an ax-hoe (Pulaski), AZ-4 incendiary devices. The American side studied the experience of extinguishing forest fires in remote areas with limited resources.

Incendiary device AZ-4.

The use of the AZ-4 incendiary apparatus, the mineralized strip made by the tractor acted as the reference strip.

The Bureau of Land Management of the United States began to use the Lesnik-2 parachute deployment system using a stabilizing parachute system. At the end of the twentieth century, work began on the creation of an information system for remote monitoring "ISDM-Rosleskhoz".

Since 1995, separate projects of the system have been created. In 2005, according to the terms of reference and with the direct participation of specialists from the Central Aviation Forest Protection Base, the ISDM-Rosleskhoz information system for remote monitoring, developed by a consortium of RAS institutions (IKI RAS and CEPL RAS), Rosleskhoz, Roshydromet, was put into commercial operation. Forest fires and forest fire conditions are monitored throughout the country. Cartography, data of space sensing of the earth (satellite imagery), Roshydrometeocenter, thunderstorm direction finding systems, operational and statistical reporting of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, archival thematic information are collected together. Any specialist working in the forestry system and in other departments can receive information about forest fires in real time.

This system, which united in a single information space all the subjects of the Russian Federation, would seem fantastic to those who once created Avialesoohrana.

To be continued...

Guarding the Forest - Drainage device 5A / 15A

Discharge of water to the fire site using the VSU-5A

APUs are designed to extinguish forest fires from the air or to fill ground tanks with water in the area of forest fires.

This is necessary if a forest fire operates in a place where there are no natural water sources or there is no way to deliver water by land transport.

Considering that manual labor is the main way to extinguish forest fires, especially in remote and inaccessible areas where equipment cannot pass, the delivery of water in a soft container is an important factor in the fight against forest fires.

Do not forget that aviation provides support to ground groups, reducing the fire hazard class. Helicopters shoot down the flames, and paratroopers-firefighters do not allow it to flare up again.

The APU is filled with water by taking water in the hovering mode of the helicopter from a reservoir with a depth of at least 1.5 m for the VSU-5A and 3 m for the VSU-15A. Filling time from 10 to 17 sec. The water is drained at a rate of 900 liters per second.

Preparation of the VSU-5A for work, assembly of the spillway device according to the documentation by a group of 4 people takes 30 minutes.

The drainage device has the shape of a basket and consists of a technical polyamide fabric, a frame of two metal rings and a drain valve.

The upper ring of the frame is partially filled with lead shot - it quickly drowns the APU, so a few seconds are enough to take five tons of water. The APU is attached to the helicopter on an external sling with a 20-meter cable. Draining is performed by the pilot-observer using the control panel.

The spillways of the APU are constantly being modernized, undergoing flight tests, working out in production conditions (extinguishing fires). OOO NPP Astra together with FBU Avialesokhrana, EMERCOM of the Russian Federation, SPbNIILKh and OAO NPK PANH (Krasnodar) regularly conduct control flight and bench tests of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, taking into account the work in production conditions.

The design of the VSU-15A is similar. This device is designed to work with the Mi-26T helicopter, and is designed to take 15 tons of water.

The practice of using these devices has revealed the following problem - even 15 tons of water discharged into a forest fire are not effective enough. Burning on the surface stops, but the high temperature dries it out quickly. A light breeze is enough, and the tree flares up again. Therefore, in addition to the APU, another system is used - the SDP (Foamer Adding System).

SDP is a special foam-forming substance. When hitting a burning surface, a "film" is formed that prevents the access of atmospheric oxygen.

The technology for extinguishing forest fires using the APU is as follows ... The helicopter with the APU is on duty at the airfield and is called to extinguish the fire by a patrol aircraft. The observer pilot, having received the message, analyzes it and selects a reservoir suitable for work, closest to the fire.

APU control mechanism

To select tactics for extinguishing a fire, the observer pilot with the helicopter commander calculates the fuel refueling, the permissible load for the delivery of the airborne fire brigade and cargo, and the helicopter takes off for the fire. After the paratroopers-firefighters have landed from the air, a landing site for the helicopter is selected with the engine turned off and the APU installed from the transport to the operating position, after which the helicopter is sent to the reservoir for water intake.

Aimed water discharge is performed by the observer pilot, who sets the flight mode to the crew, indicates the edge for extinguishing. At a helicopter speed of 50-70 km / h, water is drained from a height of 15 m above the forest canopy, as a result of which a wetted strip with a length of 75 to 230 m and a width of 10 to 20 meters is formed, depending on the APU models. The APU is transported on the suspension system of the Mi-8 MTV, Mi-26 helicopters. The spillway device has different capacities: 5 and 15 tons. The VSU-5A is installed on the Mi-8 MTV helicopter, and the VSU-15A on the Mi-26.

A meeting was held on December 31, 2020 on the topic of combating corruption

In pursuance of the Action Plan for the implementation of the Anti-Corruption Program, on December 31, 2020, chaired by A.A. Kesimbayev, General Director of the Kazavialesoohrana a videoconferencing meeting was held on the formation of an anti-corruption culture among civil servants.