On August 18 and 19, 2022, as part of the completion of training under the program "Initial training of paratroopers-firefighters" of the Federal State Institution "Avialesoohrana", ground and air training of airborne fire teams of the Ust-Kamenogorsk, Katon-Karagai, Ridder and Pavlodar aviation departments took place.

At the first stage of training, the personnel underwent ground training on the basis of a special simulator tower, with the aim of thorough and comprehensive training on the ground, working out all the elements of the descent, studying various techniques and training in their implementation.

At the second stage of training, firefighters performed descents from the Mi-8 helicopter to the ground using special descenders (SUR) and KS-K / 2. Descents were carried out from a height of 10, 20, 30 and 40 meters. From such a height, firefighters have to work directly when extinguishing forest fires.

The helicopter can get as close to the ground as the treetops allow.

DESCENT DEVICE - a device that allows people and cargo to be lowered to work sites from a helicopter hovering over a forest canopy or other natural object where a helicopter landing is impossible.

The first drum-type forest fire descent device (SUB) for delivering people and fire-fighting cargo to forest fires in order to extinguish them was developed by the production and technical laboratory of the Central Aviation Forest Protection Base. The first descents from the Mi-4 helicopter were carried out in 1956.

Later, in connection with the use of Mi-8 helicopters by aviation forest protection, a roller-type trigger device (RSD) was developed and introduced in 1979. It allows autonomous descent from a helicopter of a firefighter paratrooper or cargo weighing up to 100 kg at a speed of up to 3 m/s.

It should be noted that it is not always possible to get to the area of ​​an active forest fire by ground transport, and when delivering forces and means by aviation, it is not always possible to select a site for a safe landing. In such cases, a decision is made to land troops in the fire area using a helicopter. The pilot-observer from the air selects a site suitable for the descent of paratroopers-firefighters, not less than 5x5 meters in size between the crowns of trees.

When deciding to perform descents and choosing a place for descent, the issuer asks the helicopter commander "Let me prepare for the descent." Having received the answer "I allow", he gives the command to the paratroopers-firefighters "Prepare for descents" and puts on a safety belt or safety harness. A lanyard or cable carabiner is attached to the power unit in the helicopter. The helicopter hovers over this “well” at a height of at least 10 meters above the treetops (while the height to the ground should not exceed 45 meters).

The pilot-observer opens the door and drops a particularly strong (900 kg to break) 50-meter cord, along which firefighters descend directly from the helicopter to the ground with the help of a descender roller device.

If the bay of the cord has blossomed and reached the ground, the launcher reports to the helicopter commander via the STC: "the bay has been dropped, dissolved to the ground, allow the first to descend" and, having received the answer: "I allow", gives the command to the first: "to descend."

The first to go down is the senior of the group, who, having gone down, is obliged to insure the next descending paratroopers.

After the descent of the first paratrooper-fireman, the releaser reports to the commander of the helicopter on the STC: "The first one has landed, allow the descent of the second one." Having received permission, the second paratrooper-fireman descends, the descent is carried out similarly to the first.

After the end of the descent of the paratroopers-firefighters, the issuer unhooks the carabiner of the cord from the earring and drops the cord down. The issuer reports to the helicopter commander on the STC: "The descents are completed, the cord is dropped, the door is closed."

During the training, the interaction of the helicopter commander, the pilot-observer and firefighters, the speed of descent (average - three meters per second), the correct landing and much more are monitored. The acquired skills will make it possible to put out forest fires in hard-to-reach areas, coming to the aid of the forest from the air.

Every forest needs protection from all disasters: floods, human pollution, animal and plant epidemics, mudflows, storms, landslides. Forest fires bring the most destruction, sometimes destroying the entire massif in a few days. Even a very small fire of dry grass turns into an uncontrollable disaster in a few hours. To fight fires, special services of the Republican State Enterprise "Kazavialesoohrana", departments of the Ministry of Emergency Situations have been created, and measures are being taken to prevent fires.
Traditionally, all causes of fire in the forest area are divided according to the source of the flame: natural and anthropogenic. They have different origins, but lead to the same ending - huge losses among animals and plants. By
human fault occurs about 80% of all fires in the forest.

Man-made causes of this natural disaster include:
1. clearing the territory by man for crops by arson;
2. destruction of garbage, waste from the activities of forest factories by burning;
3. planned clearing of forests by fire to create new plantations;
4. Careless handling of fire (abandoned fire or cigarette butt).
Of the natural factors of ignition, there are:
1. spontaneous combustion of dry vegetation (grass, shrubs) and peat in the hot season;
2. ignition of a dead tree or dried grass and leaves from a lightning strike.
To protect forests from fires, experts identify four blocks of fire safety: fire prevention, monitoring of the area, the implementation of measures to extinguish the fire, and the elimination of the consequences of a natural disaster.
To prevent fires in the forests, the State Enterprise "Kazavialesoohrana", the forces of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, forest workers (watchmen, foresters), as well as volunteers are involved. At the same time, objects of protection against fire are put into operation and reconstructed, possible sources of its occurrence are observed or destroyed.
Extinguishing a forest fire is an important part of fire safety measures. The main goal is to neutralize the flame and prevent its spread. To achieve it, equipment (cars, helicopters, airplanes), extinguishing agents (fire extinguisher cylinders, axes, water tanks), equipment (firefighter suits, gas masks, walkie-talkies) are involved.
To reduce the incidence of such natural disasters, fire safety courses are held, where the population is explained the rules of behavior in the forest, as well as what to do if you find yourself in a burning area.
For protection against forest fires, fire-fighting arrangement of forests is used. These measures prevent the rapid spread of flames throughout the area. In order to prevent accidental fire in the summer, employees of forest organizations carry out activities for sanitary cleaning of the forest. Dry grass is weeded out, dead trees are cut down, stumps are uprooted. Thus, the possibility of a rapid spread of fire through the forest is practically excluded. Forest fires are a serious danger not only for the animals and vegetation of this territory, but also for the population living nearby. The worst natural disaster can result in huge damage to the forest ecosystem, which will be restored for many years.
Therefore, the State Enterprise “Kazavialesoohrana”, forest workers (watchmen, foresters), employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations closely monitor the slightest threat of a fire in the forest, carry out measures to equip fire breaks and fences, and also extinguish the fire.

State Enterprise "Kazavialesoohrana"
Akmola Aviation Department
APG instructor Dostovalov A.V.

Newspaper "Life of Akkol"

On August 18, 2022, within the framework of the program to inform the population, the paratrooper-firefighter of the Kostanay aviation department Sarsembaev M.S. a preventive lecture on the topic "Fire safety measures when visiting the forest" was held in the State Institution "Auliyekolskaya District CBS". The listeners were familiarized with the precautions for dealing with fire in the forest, actions in case of detection of a forest fire, actions of a person lost in the forest, compliance with sanitary standards when visiting forests. Leaflets on fire prevention propaganda were also distributed.

On August 18, 2022, within the framework of the program to inform the population, the instructor of the APG of the Bukebaev aviation department, Musin S.K. in the Bukebaevsky branch of the RSU GLPR "Semey Ormany" a conversation was held on the topic: "Methods of extinguishing forest fires." The staff of the branch was familiarized with the tactics of extinguishing forest fires and the rules of safety and labor protection of persons involved in extinguishing forest fires.

On August 18, 2022, within the framework of the program to inform the population, the paratrooper-firefighter of the Kostanay aviation department Sarsembaev M.S. a preventive lecture on the topic "Fire safety measures when visiting the forest" was held in the State Institution "Auliyekolskaya District CBS". The listeners were familiarized with the precautions for dealing with fire in the forest, actions in case of detection of a forest fire, actions of a person lost in the forest, compliance with sanitary standards when visiting forests. Leaflets on fire prevention propaganda were also distributed.

On August 18, 2022, within the framework of the program to inform the population, a paratrooper-firefighter of the Ust-Kamenogorsk aviation department Trunov I.E. , among the staff of the store "Kinder city" in Ust-Kamenogorsk, a preventive lecture was held on the topic "Compliance with fire safety rules in the forest." The employees were familiarized with the precautions for dealing with fire in the forest, the actions to be taken when a forest fire is detected, the actions of a person lost in the forest, and the observance of sanitary standards when visiting forest areas. Leaflets on fire prevention propaganda were also distributed.

On August 18, 2022, specialists from the Akmola aviation department, together with a representative of the state environmental police, carried out an air raid in order to control compliance with the rules of environmental management and identify violations of environmental legislation. Based on the results of the forest aviation works, no facts of violation of the environmental legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan were revealed.